MUSCLE OF THE LEG
1) ANTERIOR LEG MUSCLE
1) Tibialis anterior
2) Extensor hallucis longus
3) Extensor digitorum longus
4) Extensor digitorum brevis
5) Peroneus tertius
1) TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
1) TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
ORIGIN: Lateral tibial condyle and upper 2/3 of
lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane.
INSERTION: Medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform, base of first metatarsal.
NERVE SUPPLY: Deep peroneal nerve (L4,L5).
ACTION: Dorsiflexes and inverts ankle.
2) EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
2) EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
ORIGIN: Fibula (shaft, middle ½ of medial aspect), interosseous membrane.
INSERTION: Hallux (distal phalanx, dorsal aspect of bases), expansion to proximal phalanx.
NERVE: Deep peroneal nerve (L5).
ACTION: Extends great toe, ankle dorsiflexor.
3) EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
3) EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
ORIGIN: Upper three quarter of medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, lateral tibial condyle.
INSERTION: Middle and distal phalanges of four lateral toes.
NERVE SUPPLY: Deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1).
4) EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
4) EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
ORIGIN: Calcaneus (anterior superolateral surface), lateral talocalcaneal ligament. Extensor retina-culum (inferior).
INSERTION: Base of proximal phalanx of great toe, lateral side of dorsal hood of adjacent three toes.
NERVE SUPPLY: Deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1).
ACTION: Extends great toe and adjacent three toes.
5) PERONEUS TERTIUS
5) PERONEUS TERTIUS
ORIGIN: Distal third of medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane, intermuscular septum.
INSERTION: Medial aspect of base of fifth metatarsal.
NERVE SUPPLY: Deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1).
ACTION: Everts and dorsiflexes ankle.
2) POSTERIOR LEG MUSCLES
A) Superficial muscle of posterior leg
(CALF MUSCLE)
(mnemonic :- GPS)
![]() |
Superficial Muscle of Posterior Leg Muscle |
There are three muscle in superficially to posterior compartment of leg muscle
1) G – Gastronimius
2) P – Plantaris
3) S – Soleus
1) GASTROCNEMIUS
1) GASTROCNEMIUS
ORIGIN:
Medial head—femur (posterior part of medial condyle).
Lateral head—femur (lateral surface of lateral
condyle).
INSERTION: Posterior surface of calcaneus.
NERVE SUPPLY: Tibial nerve (S1, S2).
ACTION: Plantar flexes ankle, flexes knee.
2) PLANTARIS
2) PLANTARIS
ORIGIN: Lateral supra condylar ridge, oblique popliteal ligament.
INSERTION: Tendocalcaneus.
NERVE SUPPLY: Tibial nerve (S1, S2).
ACTION: Plantar flexes ankle, flexes knee.
3) SOLEUS
3) SOLEUS
ORIGIN: Soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia, posterior surface of head and upper quarter of fibula, fibrous arch between tibia and fibula.
INSERTION: Posterior surface of calcaneus.
NERVE SUPPLY: Tibial nerve (S1, S2).
ACTION: Plantar flexes ankle.
B) Deep muscle of posterior leg
![]() |
Deep Muscle of Posterior Leg |
1) Tibialis posterior
2) Flexors hallucis longus —–
3) Flexors digitorum longus —–
4) Popliteus
1) TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
1) TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
ORIGIN: Tibia (lateral aspect of posterior surface, below soleal line, interosseous membrane, upper half of posterior surface of fibula, deep transverse fascia).
INSERTION: Tuberosity of navicular, medial cunei- form, sustentaculum tali, intermediate cuneiform, base of second to fourth metatarsals.
NERVE SUPPLY: Tibial nerve (L4,5).
ACTION: Plantar flexes and inverts ankle.
2) FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
2) FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
ORIGIN : Lower 2/3 of posterior fibula between median crest and posterior border
INSERTION: Base of distal phalanx of big toe
NERVE SUPPLY: Tibial nerve ( S2, S3 )
ACTION: Flexion of distal phalnx of big toe and Plantar flexes of ankle
3) FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS
3) FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS
INSERTION:
Medial head : medial side of base of proximal phalanx
lateral head : lateral side of base of proximal phalanx
NERVE SUPPLY: Medial planter nerve ( S2, S3 )
ACTION: flexion of metacarpophalgeal joint of big toe
4) POPLITEUS
4) POPLITEUS
ORIGIN: Outer surface of lateral femoral condyle.
INSERTION: Posterior surface of tibia above soleal line.
NERVE SUPPLY: Tibial nerve (L4–S1).
ACTION: Medially rotates tibia, flexes knee.
3) LETRAL LEG MUSCLE
![]() |
Lateral Leg Muscle |
There are two muscle in lateral leg
A) Peroneus longus
B) Peroneus brevis
A) PERONEUS LONGUS
A) PERONEUS LONGUS
ORIGIN: Lateral tibial condyle, upper 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, intermuscular septa.
INSERTION: Lateral side of base of first metatarsal, medial cuneiform.
NERVE SUPPLY: Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1).
ACTION: Everts and plantar flexes ankle.
B) PERONEUS BREVIS
B) PERONEUS BREVIS
ORIGIN: Lower 2/3 of lateral surface at fibula, intermuscular septa.
INSERTION: Lateral side of base of fifth metatarsal.
NERVE SUPPLY: Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1).
ACTION: Everts and plantar flexes ankle.