MUSCLE OF GLUTEAL REGION 

A) Gluteus maximus

B) Gluteus medius

C) Gluteus minimus

D) Gamali superior 

E) Gamali inferior

F) Obturator externus

G) Obturator internus

H) Piriformis

I) Quadratus femoris

J) Tensor facia lata

A) GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

ORIGIN : Ilium (posterior gluteal line, posterior border, adjacent part of iliac crest), aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacrum (posterior aspect) side of coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, gluteal aponeurosis.

INSERTION: Iliotibial tract of fascia lata, femur (gluteal tuberosity).

NERVE SUPPLY: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5–S2).

ACTION: Extends, laterally rotates and abducts hip.

B) GLUTEUS MEDIUS

ORIGIN: Gluteal surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal line.

INSERTION: Greater trochanter (anterolateral ridge).

NERVE SUPPLY: Superior gluteal nerve (L4–S1).

ACTION: Abducts and medially rotates hip.

C) GLUTEUS MINIMUS

ORIGIN: Ilium (gluteal surface between anterior and inferior gluteal lines).

INSERTION: Anterior lateral ridge on greater trochanter.

NERVE SUPPLY: Superior gluteal nerve (L4–S1).

ACTION: Abducts and medially rotates hip.

D) GEMELLUS SUPERIOR

ORIGIN: Ischial spine (gluteal surface).

INSERTION: Greater trochanter (with obturator internus tendon into medial surface).

NERVE SUPPLY: Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1).

ACTION: Laterally rotates hip.

E) GEMELLUS INFERIOR

ORIGIN: Upper part of ischial tuberosity.

INSERTION: With obturator internus tendon into medial surface of greater trochanter.

NERVE SUPPLY: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1).

ACTION: Laterally rotates hip.

F) OBTURATOR EXTERNUS

ORIGIN: Outer surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bone of pubic and ischial rami.

INSERTION: Trochanteric fossa of femur.

NERVE SUPPLY: Posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4).

ACTION: Laterally rotates hip.

G) OBTURATOR INTERNUS

ORIGIN: Internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bony margin.

INSERTION: Medial surface of greater trochanter.

NERVE SUPPLY: Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1).

ACTION: Laterally rotates hip.

H) PIRIFORMIS

ORIGIN: 2, 3, 4 Costotransverse bars of anterior sacrum, And few fibers comes from greater sciatic notch

INSERTION: Greater trochantar

NERVE SUPPLY: Anterior Primary rami of S1, S2 

ACTION : lateral rotation of hip and stabilizes hip

I) QUADRATUS FEMORIS

ORIGIN: Ischial tuberosity.

INSERTION: Quadrate tubercle midway down intertrochanteric crest.

NERVE SUPPLY: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1).

J) TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE

ORIGIN: Outer lip of iliac crest between iliac tubercle and anterior superior iliac spine.

INSERTION: Iliotibial tract.

NERVE SUPPLY: Superior gluteal nerve (L4–S1).

ACTION: Extends knee, abducts and medially rotates hip.